Providing information, education, and training to build knowledge, develop skills, and change attitudes that will lead to increased independence, productivity, self determination, integration and inclusion (IPSII) for people with developmental disabilities and their families.

Bengt Nirje on Normalization

Produced in 1993 by David Goode / The Minnesota Governor's Council on Developmental Disabilities

Mainstreaming and Dumping

Man: You talked a couple of times about mainstreaming versus dumping. In our country we're having inclusion movements right now where some people say that every kid should be educated in a regular classroom. Does that happen in Sweden and Norway?

Bengt Nirje: What we need is more knowhow. If the teacher is competent, if the teacher's assistant, competent specialists present, and if there are support services, and the child [Inaudible], that's great. But there is a long way to go I think before we have all those resources. And, in the meanwhile, I'm scared for what happens to the child in these situations. Because in the years where we get as normal development as possible, demands professional skills and professional supports and professional knowhow and exchange of things. So I'm, took it out. I had mainstreaming as my first definition. I took it out because I got scared for the way people could misuse it just to get away with a cheap solution. But if it works with… it is good because it responds to, would work well if the person could be competent in that situation. But it is a little hard to be competent, incompetent when you're sitting in a classroom with another adult beside of you

©2025 The Minnesota Governor's Council on Developmental Disabilities
Administration Building   50 Sherburne Avenue   Room G10
St. Paul, Minnesota 55155
Phone: 651-296-4018   Toll-free number: 877-348-0505   MN Relay Service: 800-627-3529 OR 711
Email: admin.dd.info@state.mn.us    View Privacy Policy    An Equal Opportunity Employer 

The GCDD is funded under the provisions of P.L. 106-402. The federal law also provides funding to the Minnesota Disability Law Center, the state Protection and Advocacy System, and to the Institute on Community Integration, the state University Center for Excellence. The Minnesota network of programs works to increase the IPSII of people with developmental disabilities and families into community life.

This project was supported, in part by grant number 2401MNSCDD, from the U.S. Administration for Community Living, Department of Health and Human Services, Washington, D.C. 20201. Grantees undertaking projects with government sponsorship are encouraged to express freely their findings and conclusions. Points of view or opinions do not, therefore, necessarily represent official ACL policy.

This website is supported by the Administration for Community Living (ACL), U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) as part of a financial assistance award totaling $1,152,808.00 funded by ACL/HHS and $222,000.00 funded by non-federal-government source(s). The contents are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the official views of, nor an endorsement, by ACL/HHS, or the U.S. Government.